Which condition is a contraindication to inserting a nasopharyngeal airway?

• A. Head injury with suspected basilar fracture.
• B. Clear cerebrospinal fluid leaking from the nose or ears.
• C. Nasal obstruction.
• D. Recent sinus infection.

Answer: (B)

Inserting a nasopharyngeal airway is a nasal-route method to help keep the airway open, but it becomes dangerous when the skull base may be breached. Clear cerebrospinal fluid leaking from the nose or ears is a direct sign that the skull base or dura is compromised, often from a basilar skull fracture. Because the nasopharyngeal route passes behind the nasal passages, an instrument could travel through a fracture line into the cranial cavity or introduce infection, risking brain injury or meningitis. That’s why CSF rhinorrhea is a clear contraindication to placing a nasal airway.

Other scenarios like a nasal obstruction can make placement difficult but aren’t absolute contraindications, and a recent sinus infection isn’t a definitive contraindication, though it may influence the choice of airway. In short, the presence of visible CSF leakage signals a dangerous risk with nasal devices, so we avoid the nasopharyngeal airway and pursue an alternative airway strategy.