Which condition is characterized by the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck?

• A. Nuchal cord around the neck
• B. Umbilical cord prolapse
• C. Cord entanglement around the shoulders
• D. Cord around the placenta

Answer: (A)

A nuchal cord around the neck is when the umbilical cord loops around the baby’s neck. The term “nuchal” refers to the back of the neck, so this condition describes a cord encircling the neck rather than being in front of the presenting part or wrapping other parts of the body. It’s a common finding and, if the loop is loose, can simply be slipped over the head during delivery. If the loop is tight, it may compress the cord and contribute to fetal distress, prompting careful monitoring and, if needed, expedited delivery. This is different from a prolapsed cord (the cord descending into the birth canal before the baby), cord entanglement around the shoulders or body, or cord issues related to placental insertion rather than the neck.